por Luis Lobato de Faria
A existência de territórios leve a que tenhamos fronteiras. Estas fronteiras entre diferentes comunidades podem estar desabitadas, temos então uma terra de ninguém. Esta situação pode ser um reflexo de guerra primitiva.
Segundo Ferrill (1989, p. 5): "Anthropologists have identified some common strategies in prehistoric times. One of them is to interdict use of unoccupied territory to prevent exploitation of its resources by others. Associated with that is the maintenance of the no man’s land between prehistoric communities. Tactics in such a strategy often did not involve full scale battles and consist mainly of raids and terrorism".
Segundo Keeley (1997, p.56): "But fortifications also have some significant strategic functions. They can offer extra protection to settlements on frontiers, which are often thinly settled or otherwise geographically exposed. Judging from ethnographic records, fortifications are most commonly located on hostile borders or frontiers".
Andersen e Rasmussen (1991, p.91) trazem-nos na transição do Mesolítico para o Neolítico do Norte da Jutlândia (Dinamarca), a seguinte situação: "…flint tools from Bjornsholm are generally much more regular and carefully made than at Ertebolle… may reflect the presence of different groups…complete lack of Ertebolle sites in the fiord at Tren A…The trend fiord is located half-way between the Bjornsholm and Ertebolle sites…this area was lying too close to the other settlements…".
Keeley (1997, p. 137) descreve: "…The colonization of Germany and the Low Countries by farmers of the Linear Pottery culture was accompanied by fortified border villages (Figure 9.2) and, in Belgium at least, a 20 to 30 kilometer (12 to 18 miles) no-man’s-land between these defended sites and the settlements of Final Mesolithic foragers (Figure 9.3).".
Acerca do Bronze Final da Beira Interior, Vilaça (1998, p. 211) comenta: "…parecem estar ausentes os centros com capitalidade económica e político administrativa. Este vazio sociopolítico e consequente neutralidade talvez se deva correlacionar com o carácter de passagem que atribuímos a esta região. Sendo neutral, podemos concebê-la também como fronteira…".
Oliveira (1997) encontra no Neolítico do Nordeste Alentejano possíveis fronteiras de menires que delimitam territórios de diferentes comunidades.
Segundo Ferrill (1989, p. 5): "Anthropologists have identified some common strategies in prehistoric times. One of them is to interdict use of unoccupied territory to prevent exploitation of its resources by others. Associated with that is the maintenance of the no man’s land between prehistoric communities. Tactics in such a strategy often did not involve full scale battles and consist mainly of raids and terrorism".
Segundo Keeley (1997, p.56): "But fortifications also have some significant strategic functions. They can offer extra protection to settlements on frontiers, which are often thinly settled or otherwise geographically exposed. Judging from ethnographic records, fortifications are most commonly located on hostile borders or frontiers".
Andersen e Rasmussen (1991, p.91) trazem-nos na transição do Mesolítico para o Neolítico do Norte da Jutlândia (Dinamarca), a seguinte situação: "…flint tools from Bjornsholm are generally much more regular and carefully made than at Ertebolle… may reflect the presence of different groups…complete lack of Ertebolle sites in the fiord at Tren A…The trend fiord is located half-way between the Bjornsholm and Ertebolle sites…this area was lying too close to the other settlements…".
Keeley (1997, p. 137) descreve: "…The colonization of Germany and the Low Countries by farmers of the Linear Pottery culture was accompanied by fortified border villages (Figure 9.2) and, in Belgium at least, a 20 to 30 kilometer (12 to 18 miles) no-man’s-land between these defended sites and the settlements of Final Mesolithic foragers (Figure 9.3).".
Acerca do Bronze Final da Beira Interior, Vilaça (1998, p. 211) comenta: "…parecem estar ausentes os centros com capitalidade económica e político administrativa. Este vazio sociopolítico e consequente neutralidade talvez se deva correlacionar com o carácter de passagem que atribuímos a esta região. Sendo neutral, podemos concebê-la também como fronteira…".
Oliveira (1997) encontra no Neolítico do Nordeste Alentejano possíveis fronteiras de menires que delimitam territórios de diferentes comunidades.
Referências:
ANDERSEN, Soreus H.; RASMUSSEN, Kaare Lund (1991) – Bjornsholm. A Sratified Kokkenmodding on the Central Limford, North Juntland. Journal of Danish Archaeology. Volume 10, p. 59-96.
FERRILL, arther (1989) – Neolithic warfare. In The Quarterly Journal of Military History.
OLIVEIRA, Jorge de (1997) – Monumentos megalíticos da bacia hidrográfica do rio Sever. Ibn Maruan, Revista Cultural do Concelho de Marvão. Lisboa: Colibri.
VILAÇA, Raquel (1998) – Hierarquização e conflito no Bronze Final da Beira Interior. In JORGE, S. O., ed. – Existe uma Idade do Bronze Atlântico. Sociedade, Hierarquização e Conflito. Lisboa: Instituto Português de Arqueologia, p. 302-317.
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